Into the Unknown
The term business intelligence dates back to 1865, when it appeared in the encyclopedia of commercial and business anecdotes. Business intelligence (BI) involves automating processes and information channels in order to transform relevant data into actionable insights that are easily available to decision-makers. By showing decision-makers what is currently happening, organizations become more intelligent and successful. Careers in BI BI…
Invented by聽George Dantzig in 1947, Linear Programming is one of the most fundamental tools in combinatorial optimization. You have two views: the geometrical view and the algebraic view.聽There are beautiful connection between them. This is what a linear program looks like, which is minimizing a linear objective function and is subject to a set of…
As corporations operate, they can share their economic successes with shareholders by making distributions. However distributions are not necessarily required and different firms have different incentives and disincentives. From a tax perspective, it is necessary to classify distribution as: The term non-liquidating distribution implies that the distributions are not in an effort to wind up the affairs of the…
Previously we talked about constraint programming, which actually works with partial assignments, we try to extend them, and to prune search space as much as possible. Another method, called local search, is very different. Simply put, local search is moving the configuration from it’s聽current state to a state which is very close to it, i.e….
Along with assets, corporate formation also routinely involves the transfer and assumption of liabilities. The corporation is taking responsibilities for such liabilities, but an important tax issue arises. Does the assumption of liabilities by the corporation (transferee) constitute boot received by the shareholder (transferer)? Assumption of Liabilities Recall that in addition to the stock of corporation, shareholders can also…
A data engineer is someone who builds data pipelines. They want to get their data into a place, such as a dashboard or report or machine learning model, from where the business can make data-driven decisions. Transactional Databases vs. Data Warehouse Data engineers may be responsible for both: Be aware that Cloud SQL is optimized to…
Important tax issues arise throughout the corporate lifecycle: its formation, operation and liquidation. The formation of a corporation generally involves the transfer of assets and liabilities by one or more persons in exchange for stock in the newly formed corporation. Property Transaction IRC subchapter O: Gain or Loss on Disposition of Property defines the rules for property…
Constraint Programming is one of the main paradigms to actually tackle optimization problems. The idea is to look at the problem constraints, and try to use constraints to reduce the set of values that each variables can take, and remove the values that can not appear in any solution. Constraint programming can help model problems…
You probably have known the DevOps methodology which is very commonly used in the software industry, which basically deploy your infrastructure programmatically, do continuous integration, test your code automatically, deploy the software continuously in production. Overall the software is constantly being updated with new features and then you have the ability to make changes in…
Regular Income Tax Liability The regular tax liability calculation itself is very straightforward: The complexity of corporate income tax thus stems from the rules and regulations that shape and define the tax base, i.e. corporate taxable income. For tax years beginning after 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act reduced the corporate tax rate to…
Plan a Successful Freelancing Business California Institute of the Arts Believe it or not, we are in a recession. Many people lost there job, the future just seems so daunting. If you are having a lucrative gig right now, good luck, but it is never a bad idea to think about you next move and…
Think about Being a Freelancer Sometimes called a solopreneur, a freelancer is a type of entrepreneur who starts and runs a business for themselves. They’re hired by other people or other businesses to work on a contract basis. Rather than being permanently employed by one company, a freelancer can work for different companies at the…
Filling a knapsack is an NP-hard optimization problem, it is widely believed that in the worst case it takes exponential time to solve. One of the targets in optimization, is to try to delay the exponential growth as late as possible, so we can solve the real practical problems. Often it is impossible to find…
Origin of Federal Taxation The first income tax in the US was enacted in 1634 by the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The federal government however did not initially adopt this form of taxation; in part because it did not have the authority to do so. It was not until 1787 that Article 1 Section 8 Clause…
Logistic Regression Logistic regression is an extension to linear regression. When there are only only 2 options for the predicted values, like failed (0) or success (1), linear regression model is not appropriate. Instead, we will predict a transformed version of the probability of success. It is call the logit transformation where the logit function…